Operators And Its Types in C Programming Language | Programming concepts | C Programming | Programming tutorials |
Hello, Guys in our last blog we learnt about TOKENS AND ITS TYPES , now in this blog we are going to know about OPERATORS AND ITS TYPES in detail.
OPERATOR is a symbol or a set of symbols which is used to perform an operation.
An operator can be classified based upon the following factors:
1. ARITY
2. ASSOCIATIVITY
3. PRECEDENCE
4. USAGES
1.ARITY
The number of operands upon which operators are applicable is known as ARITY.
Based upon the Arity ,there are 3 types of operators.
1.Uniary (Arity - 1)
2.Binary (Arity - 2 )
3.Ternary (Arity - 3 )
2.ASSOCIATIVITY
If in an expression we are having multiple operators of same type or precedence ,then associativity is followed to evaluate the expression.
There are basically 2 types of operators based upon the associativity-
1. Left to Right
2. Right to Left
3.PRECEDENCE
All the operators enjoy their own priority and there priority helps them to be
considered either first or second & etc in an expression.
4.USAGES
Depending upon the application there are 5 types of operators
1. Arithmetic
2. Relational & logical
3. Assignment
4. Bitwise
5. Special
ARITHMETIC OPERTORS:-
These operators are used for basic mathematical operations.
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| + | Adds two operands. | A + B = 30 |
| − | Subtracts second operand from the first. | A − B = -10 |
| * | Multiplies both operands. | A * B = 200 |
| / | Divides numerator by de-numerator. | B / A = 2 |
| % | Modulus Operator and remainder of after an integer division. | B % A = 0 |
| ++ | Increment operator increases the integer value by one. | A++ = 11 |
| -- | Decrement operator decreases the integer value by one. | A-- = 9 |
RELATIONAL & LOGICAL OPERATORS:-
These operators are used for relational and logical operations. RELATIONAL OPERATORS are used to compare between 2 variable or values.
LOGICAL OPERATORS are used to combine multiple expressions at a time.
LIST OF RELATIONAL & LOGICAL OPERATORS
|
Assignment operators are of 2 types-
1. Simple Assignment
2.Compound Assignment
Both the simple and compound assignment is having arity 2.
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| = | Simple assignment operator. Assigns values from right side operands to left side operand | C = A + B will assign the value of A + B to C |
| += | Add AND assignment operator. It adds the right operand to the left operand and assign the result to the left operand. | C += A is equivalent to C = C + A |
| -= | Subtract AND assignment operator. It subtracts the right operand from the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand. | C -= A is equivalent to C = C - A |
| *= | Multiply AND assignment operator. It multiplies the right operand with the left operand and assigns the result to the left operand. | C *= A is equivalent to C = C * A |
| /= | Divide AND assignment operator. It divides the left operand with the right operand and assigns the result to the left operand. | C /= A is equivalent to C = C / A |
| %= | Modulus AND assignment operator. It takes modulus using two operands and assigns the result to the left operand. | C %= A is equivalent to C = C % A |
| <<= | Left shift AND assignment operator. | C <<= 2 is same as C = C << 2 |
| >>= | Right shift AND assignment operator. | C >>= 2 is same as C = C >> 2 |
| &= | Bitwise AND assignment operator. | C &= 2 is same as C = C & 2 |
| ^= | Bitwise exclusive OR and assignment operator. | C ^= 2 is same as C = C ^ 2 |
| |= | Bitwise inclusive OR and assignment operator. | C |= 2 is same as C = C | 2 |
BITWISE OPERATORS :-
These operator is applicable to every bit of a number.These operators are only applicable to integers and characters not to real numbers.
LIST OF BITWISE OPERATORS
| & | Binary AND Operator copies a bit to the result if it exists in both operands. | (A & B) = 12, i.e., 0000 1100 |
| | | Binary OR Operator copies a bit if it exists in either operand. | (A | B) = 61, i.e., 0011 1101 |
| ^ | Binary XOR Operator copies the bit if it is set in one operand but not both. | (A ^ B) = 49, i.e., 0011 0001 |
| ~ | Binary One's Complement Operator is unary and has the effect of 'flipping' bits. | (~A ) = ~(60), i.e,. 1100 0011 |
| << | Binary Left Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved left by the number of bits specified by the right operand. | A << 2 = 240 i.e., 1111 0000 |
| >> | Binary Right Shift Operator. The left operands value is moved right by the number of bits specified by the right operand. | A >> 2 = 15 i.e., 0000 1111 |
SPECIAL OPERATORS:-
| Operators | Description |
|---|---|
| Comma, | Comma operators are used to link related expressions together. |
| & | This is used to get the address of the variable |
| * | This is used as pointer to a variable |
| sizeof() | This gives the size of the variable |
Hope, You guys enjoyed this blog. In our next article, we will learn about the Variable and its types in C, and also about variable declaration and variable initialisation in C which will be very interesting to learn. If you have any suggestion / Advice for us, feel free to let us know in the comment section.You can also ask your doubts in comments section . We will be happy enough to know your feedback. Also, your appreciation will motivate us to add more to this blog.
Till then, Stay safe & Stay healthy. Have a nice day!!
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